EXPAND_NUMBER(3) FreeBSD Library Functions Manual EXPAND_NUMBER(3)
NAME
expand_number, expand_unsigned - parse a number from human readable form
LIBRARY
System Utilities Library (libutil, -lutil)
SYNOPSIS
#include <libutil.h>
int
expand_number(const char *buf, int64_t *num);
int
expand_unsigned(const char *buf, uint64_t *num);
DESCRIPTION
The expand_number() function parses the number in the string pointed to
by its buf argument and stores the number it represents as a signed
64-bit quantity in the location pointed to by its *num argument.
The expand_unsigned() function is similar to expand_number(), but accepts
only positive numbers in the range [0,UINT64_MAX].
Both functions interpret the input "-0" as 0.
The input string must consist of a decimal number, optionally preceded by
a `+' or `-' sign, and optionally followed, without intervening
whitespace, by a suffix indicating a power-of-two multiplier to apply.
Any amount of whitespace at the beginning of the string will be ignored.
Recognized suffixes are:
Suffix Description Multiplier
K kilo 1,024
M mega 1,048,576
G giga 1,073,741,824
T tera 1,099,511,627,776
P peta 1,125,899,906,842,624
E exa 1,152,921,504,606,846,976
For historical reasons, the expand_number() function accepts and ignores
a single "B" suffix at the end of the buf string (i.e. "5b" is
interpreted as 5, and "5kb" is interpreted as 5,120). However, the usage
of this suffix is discouraged.
For backward compatibility reasons, if the compiler supports generic
selection, a macro is provided which automatically replaces calls to
expand_number() with calls to expand_unsigned() if the type of the actual
num argument is compatible with uint64_t *.
RETURN VALUES
Upon successful completion, the value 0 is returned; otherwise the
value -1 is returned and the global variable errno is set to indicate the
error.
ERRORS
The expand_number() and expand_unsigned() functions will fail if:
[EINVAL] The given string does not contain a valid number.
[EINVAL] An unrecognized suffix was encountered.
[ERANGE] The given string represents a number which does not
fit into an int64_t (for expand_number()) or uint64_t
(for expand_unsigned()).
SEE ALSO
humanize_number(3)
HISTORY
The expand_number() function first appeared in FreeBSD 6.3. The original
implementation did not handle negative numbers correctly, and it was
switched to taking a uint64_t * and accepting only positive numbers in
FreeBSD 9.0. The expand_unsigned() function was added, and
expand_number() switched back to int64_t *, in FreeBSD 15.0.
FreeBSD 15.1-STABLE-HBSD August 6, 2025 EXPAND_NUMBER(3)